Electromagnetic reciprocating device



March 7, 1933. G. H. PoTH ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING DEVICE INVENTOR.

6` Sheets-Sheet l Fly. M

' If Il!" Filed June l1. 1927 Eye A TTORNE Y.

March 7, 1933.

ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING DEVICE Filed June 1l, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet2 INVEN TOR.

6. Hum h P#,rfar BY A TT'ORNE Y.

G. -H. PoTH 1,900,464

March 7, y1933. Q H, P01-H Y 1,900,464

ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING DEVICJEr Filed June ll, 1927 6Sheets-Sheet 3 A INVENTOR. 7 ,72 Hnugy BTH A TTORNE Y.

March 7, 1933. G H, PQTH 1,900,464

ELECTROMAGNETIC RECIPROCATING DEVICE Filed June' 1l, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet4 Fly. /2

INVENTOR. Y @Harley-RTR BY A TTORNE Y.

ELECTROMAGNETC REC IPROCATING DEVICE Filed June l1, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet5 A@ /7 2&4

c t Id p/Zg Z0;

l N VEN TOR.

HENV' RTI-1 A TTORNE Y.

March 7, 1933. Gj H, PTH 1,900,464

ELECTROMAGNETIC REC IPROCATING DEVICE Filed June ll, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet6 l YM A' Fly/0 2/5 1,2/4 zf/ 2/2 zzz 223 Z/ z/j 220 Z IN V EN TOR.

y G. Henry ETH f ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 7, 1933 GEORGE HENRY MTH,

OF CINCINNATI, OHIO ELECTBOMAGNETIC ItECIPROCATING DEVICE Application ed.Tune 11,

'The invention relates to means fcr-.oper ating electromagneticreciprocating tools.

Briefly the improvements of the present invention over the inventiondescribed in my Patent No. 1,407.804.- consist in the utilization ofalternating current, instead of a pulsating direct current as a sourceof power for operating the reciprocating member, by means adapted toautomatically intermittently permit the conduction of current to themeans operating the reciprocating device.

It being quite apparent that two successive waves of alternatingcurrent, or one complete cycle, will effect the equivalent electricalresult of two successive waves of pulsating direct current when appliedin opposite directions.

The objects 'of the invention are to provide simple, efficient andpractical means utilizing alternating current for operating anyapparatus or system requiring an intermittent supply of current orenergy, 'for instance, such as electric flasher signs, orelectromagnetic striking tools such as vibrators for use in foundriesand hammering, chiseling, chipping, calking, riveting and drillingdevices, and the like, in which a reciprocating plunger is operated; t'oand universal apparatus for the operation of this class of devicescharacterized in the economical feature, particularly, that the meansfor effecting the movements of the reciproeating elements is unadaptedto become worn, whereby frequent repairs and' replacements of such meansis obviated to provide a device of the class described in which sliprings, 'contact brushes, and the like are eliminated whereby said deviceis adapted to be practiwindings of the device are at no time open;

cally utilized under any and all circumstances in an absolutelydependable and safe manner and with sparkless operation; tol providemeansl for the intended purposes in which the to provide means toproperly 'directthe elecf tric current of the device to the windings,whereby the operation of the plunger, or striking element, is broughtabout entirely automatically in and by the apparatus supplying thecurrent, whereby the use of condensers, electrolytic provide an eicient,reliable valve cells,.safety resist` 192?. Serial No. 198,137.

ances, and the like, used in the prior art for the purpose ofsuppressing sparks, are eliminated; and to. provide means whereby theaverage power applied to the striking element or plunger, in its workingstroke, is material- The invention consists in providing a distributorwhich operates in synchronism with the voltage ofthe source of supplyand which controls the flow ofthe current to the tool to effectreciprocation of the reciprocating member or plunger. Moreover, the flowof the current through the operating tool coils, during the returnstroke of the plunger, is automatically prevented without mechanicallyAinterrupting any part of the circuit or' .circuits.

'Ifhe invention, also, consists in the' combination of the elements,arrangement of the parts and in the details set forth and claimed: Inthe drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevation Fi 2 is a section taken sponing to 2-2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section of the distributor taken on a line corresponding to3-3 in Fig. 2; f Fig. 4 is a, diagrammatical view of the invention andshowing i vertical section of the vibrator;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatical view sho a method of connecting a plurality0% vibrators; "T

of the construction, as

of the'invention; on a 11ne corre- Fi 6 is a diagrammati'cal of amodified ,orm of the invention connected with a. hammer shown invertical section.; 4

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatical view of the form of the invention shown in Fi6,'showinge method ofconnecting a p hammers;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatical view ofv another form of the inventionshown'oonnectled with a modified form of a hammer; V i Fig. 9 is adiagrammatical view of the form of the invention shown in Fig. 8 andshowing a method of connecting a. plurality of hammers; A f

Fig. 10 is a diagra.ui1i 1a.tic:| .l- -vier! showmg' another modifiedform ofthellinveiition;

Fig. -11 is a dined view efgghg-zl urality of invention shown in Fig.and showing a method of connecting t e hammers;

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatical viewvsliowing another modified form of theinvention;

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatical view with parts broken away,showing-modified form I of the stator;v Figls. 14, 15 and 16 arediagrams illustrating t e electrical and ma etic conditions,

as fully explained hereina ter;

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatical view vs howing a modification of theapplication of generators with the invention;

Fig. 18 is a dia ammatical view showing a `method of utilizing the twogenerators, one as a motor; v

Fig. 19 is a dia Y a modified metho of connecting the invention shown inFig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a'dia rammatical view showing a modified metho of utilizingtwo generators, one. as a motor; and

Fig. 21 is a diarammatical view showing a modified metho ofconnectingthe invention shown in Fi 20. l In the preferre construction of theinvention, shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I provide a usual four olealternating current generator 1 connec with the rotoi` 2 of thedistributor 3, as by meshing gears 4 and 5, res ively fixed to shafts 6and 7, respective y, fixed to the armature (not shown), of the genera'-tor 1, and the rotor 2 of the distributor. The

` vibrator shown v whereby the open sections 16,

of the generator shaft 6, of the generator, is driven, as usual, bysuitable power applied to the pulley 8 iixedto the end 9 o f the shaft.The ratio 'of the number of the teeth of the gears 4 and 5, 1v and theldistributor 3, is

:2. `The alternating current generator 1 may be of the consecutive poletype, havin four oles, which o rates at a speed o 1800 P. M. and terefore delivers 3600cycles each minute. It is used in connection withthe mechanism described for' operation ofthe of other generators, may beany suitable type' capable of producing a duo-directienal E. M. F. of-any character.

- The stator 11, of the distributor 3, is constructed substantially thesame as the stator of an induction motor and consists ofthe slotsreceiye thelcoils 12, 13, 14 and 1-5 are disposed symmetrically at 90degrees, 17 18 and 19 are provided between the coils. The coils are, ofcourse, insulated from the iron. Each'of the sections are 45 degrees'inwidth, circumferentially of the stator as measured from the center lines20 and 21 ofthe slots 3" in the stator. The rotor 2` is mountedfin thecyammatical view showing v spective end 'are preferab y in Fig. ,4. As`hereinafter explained, the generator 1, or combination tively, connectthe Y -And the conductor lindricalI bore 22 in the stator and spaced ling of the end plates 28 and 29 having holes 30 therein. The holes 30receive the ends 31 of the spaced apart conductor bars 32. The cages 26and 27 are separated from each other, as also are the adjacent endplates 28 and the adjacent end plates 29, whereby the open lspaces 33and 34 are found between the plates, respectively.

An important feature of the arrangement of the cages 26 and 27 is thatthe center line 35 and 36, of the end bars 37 and 38 of the bars 32, arespaced substantially the same number of degrees circumferentially of thedistributor 1, as the spacing of the lines 20 and 21 between the slots3". The bars 32 of the respective cages 26 and 27 are electricallyconnected or short circuited through the relates 28 and 29. And thecages entirely insulated from the iron 25 of the rotor 2.

'The rotor 2 is driven in synchronism with the volta e of thegenerator 1. The voltage is zero w en the center lin 23 and 24 registerwith the center lines 40 of the stator sections 16 and 17, respectively;and when the center lines 39 of the sections 23 and 24, respectively,register with either the center lines 41 of the coils 12 and 13, or withthe center lines 42 of the coils 14 and 15. Therefore, onequarter .ofthe circumference of the stator 11 corresponds to the duration of onecomplete cycle.

As shown in Fig. 4, the opposite coils 12 and 13 are connected in seriesas ductor 43. The coils 12 and 13 are connected with -the conductors 44and 45 which, respecconnected in series y the conductor 48. The

coils.14 and 15 are connected with the conductors 45 and 49 which,respectively, connect the ends of the coil 50 of the vibrator 47.

The conductor 51 connects the terminal 52,A

of the generator 1, with the conductor 49.

The conductor 53 lconnectsthe terminal 54 ofthe nerator with theconductor 44.

In Fig. 5 is shown a plurality of vibrators 47 connected in parallelwith the conductors 55 and 56 which connect conductors 44 and 49. 57connects the coils of the vibrator with-the conductor 45.

ins

by the con- A ends of the coil 46, of the v fvibrator 47. The-oppositecoils 14 and 15 are The vibrator 47 is oflusual type and consists ofcasing 58 comprising magnetic material cylinder 59 having ma ;neticImaterial end covers 60 and 61 connected therewith and 13 formed intobase 62. Between the coils 46 and 50, and within the cylinder 59, isyoke 63 formed from suitable magnetic material.v Inside the yoke 63 andthe coils 46 and 50, and extending from cover 60 and to cover 61, issplit metal tube 64 'having slidably received therein the plunger 65.

I/Vhen the rotor 2 rotates counter-clockwise the sections 23 and 24, ofthe rotor are caused to move across the coils 12 and 13, respectively,(from the position represented by the line ab to the positionrepresented by the line ed), whereby two voltage waves or one completecycle is impressed upon the coils 12 and 13, for the reason that thesections 23 and 24 form a natural pass for the magnetic flux set up inthe coils 12 and 13, whereas substantially no voltage will be impressedupon the coils 14 and 15, because of the form of the construction otthemodified squirrel cage winding previously described. The coils 12 and13 consume the complete supply voltage from the generator during themovement of the rotor 2 from the line ab to the line cd. The vibratorcoil 46 is, therefore, excited at the period when the coil 50 isinoperative or dead, whereby the plunger 65 is caused to perform astroke toward the end cover of the vibrator. Both the magnetizingcurrents of the coils 12 and 13, and the current consumed by thevibrator coil 46, flows through the coils 14 and 15 without creating anyvolti age in the latter coils due to the squirrel cage windingcomprising sections 26 and 27 of the rotor 2.

During the next succeeding quarter revolution of the rotor 2, a magneticaction occurs in reverse of that just previously explained. Inl otherwords, the coils 14 and 15 will be excited while coils 12 and 13 aredead, whereby the vibrator coil 50 is excited at the same period thecoil 46 is dead or inoperative. As a result of which the plunger iscaused to perform a stroke toward cover 61 ofthe vibrator. In the neXtsucceeding quarter revolution, of the rotor 2 the coils 12 and 13 areexcited, while during the same period the coils 14 and 15 are dead. Inthis manner the plunger 65 is successively operated from one cover 60 tothe other cover 61, and vice versa. In other words, the rotation of therotor 2, with relation of the stator 11, alternatel changes theimpedance of the coils 12, 13, 14, and 15. from substantially zero to amaximum, hence the voltage impressed upon these coils is varied, wherebythe current through the vibrator coils 46 and 50 is alternately admittedand substantially stopped.

One complete revolution of the rotor 2 comprises four complete cycles otthe current, and consequently two complete movements of th` plunger 65toward each of the end covers or the vibrator 47 is accomplished, or atotal of four blows of the plunger.

It is apparent that if the four pole generator 1 is drivenat a speed of1800 R. P. M., then two cycles of the current vfor each revolution areeffected, and consequently 3600 cycles are eiected for each minuteduration. Therefore, the rotor 2, of the distributor 3, will operate ata speed of 900 R. P. M., and in doing so 3600 distinct movements of theplunger 65, of the vibrator 47, are effected.

Similar results, of course, may be obtained by substituting a two-polegenerator for the four-pole generator 1, under the circumstances that itis operated at a speed of 3600 R. P. M., whereby the speed of thedistributor 3 will, under these conditions, remain the same as when itis operated by the use of thc four-pole generator operated at a speed of1800 R. P. M.

Moreover, a six-pole generator may be utilized,when it is operated at aspeed of 120() R. P2 M., for effecting the rotatable speed of 900 R. P.M. of the distributor. It, however, a six-pole generator is operated ata speed of 1800 R. P. M., three cycles of the current is obtained foreach revolution of the generator, which consequently effects 5400 cycleseach minute. Under the latter circumstances the rotor 2, of thedistributor 3, will operate at a speed 'of 1350 R. P. M. resulting in5400 blows being delivered by the plunger 55 of the vibrator.

, In Fig. 6 I show the distributor 66 capable of utilization for theoperation of a hammer 67, the blows of which are effected by a modiiiedform of the mechanism previously described. The hammer 67 may beutilized in operating any desirable striking tool 68 which may be usedas a chipping, calking, or riveting device, or the like.

The hammer 67 consists of a housing 69 having the plate 70 fixed to itstop 71. The handle72 is suitably secured to .the plate 70 and thehousing 69. Inside the housing 69 is located a coil 73 which is woundabout a suitable insulator spool 74. Slidable in the centrally disposedhole75, of platev 70, is the plunger 76 which is adapted to contact theupper end 77 of the tool 68. The shaft 78, of the tool v68, is slidablymounted in the bearing 79 which is in the boss 80. The boss 80 isintegral with the casing 67 and extends inwardly thereof, the bearing y79 being aligned with the hole 75.

The spring 81, around the upper end 82v of the plunger 76 has its upperand lower ends 83 and 84, respectively, in engagement with the head 85,of the plunger, and the plate 70, whereby when the coil 73'is excitedthe plunger 76 is caused to move downwardly in contact with the upperend 77 of the tool 68. During the downward stroke of the plunger the end83 of the spring 81. whereby engages the head 85 of the plunger, thespring is compressed. When the current in the coil 73 has disappearedthespring 81 causes' the plunger Vto move upwardly into the positionshown in Fig. 6.

It is practical to allow for the return or upward stroke of the plunger76 a greater time interval than is allowed for the Working stroke ordewnward strke. The reason for this is that if the period of the returnstroke and working stroke of the plunger were the same, the amount ofenergy exerte during the return stroke would cause an undesirable kickagainst the hand of the operator, as 4well as unnecessarily decreasingthe economical operation and maintenance of the hammer. Moreover, wherethe period of time for the return stroke is considerably longer than theperiod of time for the working stroke, a relatively light-or weak springnecessary 1 degrees.

may be utilized in a relatively small loss of energy, during the workingstroke of the plunger, in the operation of compressing 'the spring. Thetime allowed for the return stroke ofthe plungerA may be approximatelytwice the time allowed for the working stroke.

The ends of the coil 73 are connected, as by the conductors 86 and 87,to the ends 88 and 89 of the oppositely disposed coils 90 and 91 on thestator 92 of the distributor 66. The opposite ends 94 and 95, of `thecoils 90 and 91, are connected by the conductor 96.

The ends 97 and 98, of the oppositely disposed coils 99 and 100`(adjacent the coils 90 and 91), are connected as by the conductor 101.The end 102, of the coil 99, is connected to end 89 of the coil 91. Theend 103, of the coil 100, is connected to end 104, of the coil 105,asvby the conductor 106. The end 107, of the coil 105, is connected tothe end 108, of the coil 109, as by conductor 110. The end 111 of thecoil 109, is connected to the terminal 52, of the generator 1, as by theconductor 112. The terminal 54, of the generator, is connected to end88, of the coil 90. as by the conductor 113.

In the forms of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the source ofelectrical suply may be a four-pole generator operating at 1800 R. P. M.under which circumstances the stator 92, of the distributor 66, isprovided with coils 90, 91, 99, 100, 105 and 109' which are disposeddiametrically of the stator so that the center points of the coils arespaced 60 degrees from each other. The width of each coilcircumferentially is 30 I l whereby the-section 114, 115, 116, 117, 118,and 119 (between the coils) each have a width of 30 degreescircumercntially of the stator. The rotor 120 is constructed similar tothe rotor 2, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, except that thecages 26 and 27 arespaced apart circumferentially 30 degrees,liinstead ot 45 degrees.However, the distributor shown in Fig. 6 is operated in synchronism withthe generator 1, whereby the voltage is which consequently results`previously 122 of the sections 114 and 117, 115 and 118,

and 116 and 117. The voltage, also, is zero when the center line 121registers with the center lines 123 ofv the coils 90 and 91, 99

and 100, and 105 and 109. Therefore, 60 degrees circumferentially, asmeasured from d the center line 122 of eithersection 1 14, 115,

116, 117 118, 119 to the centerline of the adjacent section, correspondsto the duration of one complete cycle, whereby sin cycles are effectedby one complete revolution of the rotor.

In Fig. 7 is shown a diagrammatical view of the form of the inventionshown in Fig 6,

and in which is shown a method of connecting a plurality of hammers and128 with the distributor 66.

In the hammer 128 the spring 81 is substituted by the coil 129 havingone o f its ends connected, by the conductor 130, with the conductor 86.The conductor 86, also, is connected with the hammer 124. The other endof the coil 129 is connected, by the conductor 131, with the one end ofthe coil 73 in the hammers 128, 126 and 127 and to conductors 106. Theother ends ofthe coils 73 of the hammers 126, 127 and 128 are connected,by the conductor 132, and to the conductor 112. The coil 129, ofthehammer 128, has a fewer reason that a weak'spring 81 is used in thedescribedhammers. 1

In Fig. 8 is shown another modified form of the invention, in which thehammer 67 is provided with the coils 73 and 133. The distributor 134 isprovided with four pairs of coils, namely 135 and 136, 137 and 138, 139and 140, and 141 and 142. The coils 135'and 136, 136 and 137,137 and13,8. 138 and 139, 139 and 140, 140 and 141, and 141 and 142,respectively, are connectedwith the conductors 143, 144, 145, 146, 147,148 and 149. The no coils 135 and 142, respectively, are connectedthrough the' conductors 150 and 151, with the terminals 152 and 153 ofthe' generator 1. The working coil 73 is connected, through theconductors 154 and 155, with the conductors 151 and 148, respectively.The coil 133 is connected, through the conductors 156 and 155, with theconductors 150 and 148, respectively.

The center lines 158 of the coils 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 and142, of the stator 134', are spaced 45, whereas the total width of eachcoil, as measured circumferentially of the stator from the center lines159 of the slots 160 is 22%". l The cages 161 and'162 are spaced apart221/2o as measured from the center lines 163 and 164y of the end bars165 and 166 of the cages.

f In Fig. 9 is shown a plurality of single coil hammers 67 and doublecoil hammers 67 connected with the distributor 134. The connumber ofturns than the coil 73 for the same nections o`f the parts in thisfigure are plainly understandable without further description, it beingunderstood that as many hammers as desirable each pair of thedistributor coils.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 8 and 9, when the rotor 167is rotated in counter clockwise direction, the pair of the coils 135 and136 are excited, then the coils 137 and 138 are excited, and so on, inconsecutive order, but in each instance when a pair of the coils areexcited all of the other pairs of the coils are dead. In this mannereach pair of the coils are excited every fifth cycle of the current, andone cycle effects a single working or downward vstroke of the plunger168 of the hammer. Three cycles of the current are utilized foreffecting the return stroke of the plunger. Therefore, one blow of thehammer is eil'ected for each one-half revolution of the rotor 167, andtwo blows of the hammer are eected for each complete revolution of therotor. When the four-gids generator 1 is' operating at 1800 R. P. 3600cycles a minute is effected, as a result of which the rotor runs at 450R. P. M. thereby effecting 900 blows of the hammer for each minuteduration.

In this form of the invention, where the return stroke of the plunger'168 is effected by the coil 133, the large coil 73, which elects the-working stroke of the plunger) is connected across the pair of thestator coils which are. connected directly to the line 151 of thegenerator and, therefore, the coil 133 of the hammer receives the powerimpulses from the other pairs of the stator coils. There Will be threeweak impulses forV the return stroke of the plunger, from pairs of coils135 and 136, 137 and 138, and 139 and 140.

The utilization of four pairs of the stator coils, shown in Fig. 8,results in one-half revolution of the -rotor 167 corresponding to fourcycles of the current which is required to eiect one working stroke andone return stroke of the plunger of the hammer. Theresimilar to thedistributor 66 shown fore, the ratio of the periods required for theworking stroke and the return stroke of the plunger is 1:3, whereas inthe form of the invention shown in Fig. 6 the ratio is 1 :2.

Again referring to Fig. 8, when a fourpole generator is opera-ted at1800 R. P. M., the speed of the rotor 167 is 450 P. M. This will beequivalent to eight cycles for each revolution of the rotor, or 900blows each minute for the hammer 67.

-In Fig. 10 is shown the 'distributor 66', Y in Fig. 6,."except that inthe distributor 66' the sections 114', 115', 116', 117', 1-18 and 119',between the set P of the coils 90'. 99', 105', 91', 100 and 109",contain the set Q of the coils 169, 170, 171, 172, 17 3, and 174.

The two sets P and Q of the coils are con- A:acted in parallel, as shownin Fig. 11. The

may be connected, in parallel, to

.R and S of the coils are connected i connected with the conductors and186, respectively. The conductors 196 s nating current the group S whichare connected in series as and 185. The groups as by the conductors 186and 187 which connect the coils 176 and 181, and 178 and 17 9,'respectively. n

'I 'he single coil hammers and double coil hammers 67 and 67respectively, in the group T, are connected to each other in a usualmanner. The conductors 188, 189, 190 and 191,

by the conductors 184 apart coils 176, 177,v

connected with the hammers, are connected with the conductors 187, 185,184 and 186, respectively..

The dou le coil hammers 67', in the group U, are connected with eachotherI in a usual manner. And the conductors 192, 193, 194 and 195,connected with the hammers, are 187, 183, 182

and 197 connect the terminals` 52 and 54, of

the generator 1, with the conductors 186 and 187. respectively.

The important difference between the forms of the devices shown in Figs.12 and 6,

is that in Fig. 6 is shown three groups of coils, each group consistingof two coils in series. whereas 1n Fig. 12

consists of three single coils.

of the invention consisting of the distributor stator 198havingconnected thereto a plurality of the distributed type of coils 199comprising two or more coils 200. This form of the invention utilizesthe usual type of winding used in induction motor windings. The windingslots 201 and 202, respectively, of the stator 198V and the rotorl 198may be of the partly closed type, which is well known vin the art ofinduction motor structure.

An important feature of the invention consists in utilizing a source ofsupply having an llnsymmetrical voltage curve. In Fig. 14 A representsthe voltage curve of the alternetic Held set up by this voltage in thetool coil 73. It is well known that the magnetic energy of this coildepends upon the area C between the field curve B and the horizontalline D. One method of increasing the area C is to provide a high maximumflux in the coil 73.

Another novel way to accomplish the same result is to form the voltagecurve, of the is shown two groups4 of coils connected in parallel, andeach groupv generator and B the magvoltage curve each as supply source,so as to quickly build u `the magnetic field in the coil 73. This attermethod can be` accomplished by utilizing an unsymmetrical voltage curveE, shown in Fig. 15, corresponding to the flux curve which is frepresented by line F'. The maximum iux of the curves B and F is almostthe same, but curve F arises morequickly or sharply at the beginning ofthe working stroke of the plunger of the tool, and remains highertowards the end of the stroke, thereby resulting in the area C beinggreater than the area C. Since the force ap lied to the plunger duringthe working stro e increases with the square of the flux, the totalenergy imparted to the plunger will be considered greater than theenergy represented by the line B.

E is -obtainedas by connectin the sources of the two voltages ofdifferent fre uencies in series as illustrated in Fig. 17. q1`he curveshown in Fig. 15 is ,the resultant of the two voltages I and J.

y Thev voltage J has double the frequency of ute.

the voltage I. The generators 203 and 204, which generate the voltages Iand J, y.are connectedin series as by the conductor 205. The

'zero points of the voltage I are in phase with the zero points of thecurve J. c,

The arran ement of the various elements to accomplis this purpose, inconnection with the operation of the tools, isillustrated in Fig. 17where 203 and 204 represent two generators supplying the voltages I andJ, respectively. In this gure, 203 represents a two-pole generator while204 is a four-pole generator. The generators 203 and 204 are coupledmechanically and each are driven at the speed of 3600 R. P. M.l Thevoltage 'I correspond to 3600 cycles per minute and the voltage Jcorrespond to 7200 cycles per min- The resultant voltage -E has afrequency of 3600 cycles, the same as that of the generator 1, shown inFigs. 1, 4, and 6.

The conductors the generators 204 and 203 with the conductors 86 and 132of the stator coils 90 and 109 of the distributor 66 inthe form of theinvention shown in Fig. 6. The tools 208 andi 209 are connected with theconductors 86, 87, 131, and 132 in the similar manner shown in Fig. 7.

As may be determined'by reference to the diagram of Fig. 17, thedistributor 66 is coupled in such a manner that energizing of the toollcoil 73, isaccomplished when the maximum point of the curve E movestoward s the beginning of the stroke line K, of the plunger of the tool,the higher will be theaverage value of the area C', and hence the`greater the eiciency of the device during the workin stroke of theplunger.

Inci entally it will be noticed that Athe rotor of the distributor mustbe coupled so that A chronous motor by connectin 206 and 207 mayconnectthe center lines of the spaces are between the equivalent voltageshown in Fig. 15. The

form of curve F indicates that its average value is importantlyincreased.

As shown in Figs. 18 and 19 the supply enerator 210, or the generatorsshown in igs. 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12, may be used as a syny its terminals211 and 212 to the suitable a ternating current single phase lines 213and 214. The distributor 93, or other suitable distributors, areconnected with the generator 210 in a usual manner, as by the conductors215 and 216. The conductors 132, 131, 87 and 86 lead to the usual recirocating tools (not shown). In Fig. 19 is s own a three phase generator217 connected with the three phase power lines 218, 219 and 220, as byconductors 221,

` 222, and 223. In this instance the generator 217 operates as a threephase synchronous motor. The current for the distributor 66 is takenfrom any two of the three phase lines.

In Fig. 20 is shown the single phase generators 203 and 204 which areutilized for the same pur ose as the generator 210 shown in Fig. 18.owever, since generators 203 and 204 each have different cycles, eitherof them may be-connected with one of the single phase power lines 213and 214, and it will operate as a s chronous motor.

In ig. 21 is shown the three phase generator 224, substituted for thegenerator 204 operated by-a three phase power line shown as conductors218, 219 and 220. In this instance, the generator 224 operates as athree phase synchronous motor.

In the various forms of the distributors any two coils of the statorwhich are diametrically positioned from each other are connected in therespective circuits in such a manner that 'when the space between Vthecages are aligned with the oppositely disposed coils the magnetic iux 1sfree to pass through the' rotor from one coil to the other in the samedirection. c

While I have specified that fone'working stroke of the plunger `iseffected by one cycle of the current, however, it is apparent that twoor more cycles may eiect a single working stroke oft e plunger, andcorresponding increased number of cycles for the return stroke. Forinstance, referring to Fig. 6 by reducing the speed of the rotor from600 R. P. M. to 300 R. P. M. two cycles will effeet the working stroke',[and .,four., cycles is the duration for the return-strkerg;Inxntherwords, the

members being provided with windin nected to said supply7 circuit and tot e op- While I have chosen to illustrate the forms and constructions ofthe invention by the herein drawings and explanations of theV same, itis understood that the invention resides in the combination, arrangementof the parts,.and in the details of the construction, as hereinafterclaimed. It is further understood that changes in the precise embodimentof the invention, as disclosed herein, can be made within' the scope ofwhat is claimed without departing from the spirit of the inve'ntion, asother expedients may readily suggest themselves to the art.

vWhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanism, anda supply circuit therefor, of adistributor comprising relatively movablemembers, means for relatively moving said members, one of said eratinmeans o said mechanism, another of sai members being provided with aplurality of short circuited conductors d isposed in inductive relationto said windmgs of said firstmentioned member.

2. The combination with an yelectromagnetic reciprocating mechanism, anda supply circuit therefor, of a distributor comprising .a stator and arotor, means for moving said rotor with to said stator, said statorbeing provide with windings connected to said sup ly circuit and, to theoperating means ofp said mechanism, saidrotor being provided with aplurality of short circuited conductors disposed in inductive relationto said windings of said stator.

3. The combination with an 'electrofma netic reciprocating mechanism,and a supp y circuit therefor, of a distributor comprising a stator anda rotor,`said stator comprising a core of magnetizable material having abore and having windings disposed thereon, said windings being connectedto said supply circuit and to the operating means of said mechanlsm,said rotor being rotatably dis y sed in said bore and comprising av coreof agnetizable material carrying a plurality of short circuitedconductors disposed in inductive relation to said windin y ofsaidstator, said cores forming a flux set up by saidwindings of said statorwhen energized by said supply circuit, where# by a magnetic field insaid mechanism is built up and removed, and means for rotating said Yrotor. Y Y

4.-. The combination with an electro-niagnetic'reciprocating mechanism,and a supply circuit therefor, of a device comprising reactiveV windingsconnected to said supply circiprocating mechanism, and means'includingYout o COD- members being path or the magnetic material suitably broughtinto and mutually inductive relation with said windinfrs forperiodically changing the strength of the magnetic lield set up b y saidwindings whereby the voltage impressed upon said windings is rent isintermittently supplied .to the operating means of said mechanism.

5. Means for operating an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanismAcompri a Supply circuit carrying a duc-directioiialifelectromotiveforce, and a distributor comprising electric current conducting arrangedand adapted to be relatively movablemembers, means for Lrela.-

tivel moving said members, one of said mem rs being provided withwindings connected to said supply circuit and connected to the operatingmeans of said mechanism, another of said members being provided withcurrent conducting material adapted to be brought into and out ofmutually inductive relation with said windings of said first mentionedmember for periodically changing the strength of the magnetic fieldsetup by said windings and 'for periodically changing the voltage impressedupon said windings so as to obtain for the operating means of saidmechanism time intervals of current supply substantially equal to theperiod of a plurality of tension waves of said supply circuit` whereby amagnetic field in said mechanism is built up and removed once or severaltimes within each of said time intervals of current supply. 6. Means foroperating an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanism comprising asupply circuit carrying a duo-directional electromotive force, and adistributor having relatively movable members, means for relativelymoving said members in definite time relation to the electro-motiveforce pulsations of said supply circuit, one of said members beinprovided with windings connected to( said supply circuit and connectedto the operating means of said mechanism, another of said provided witha plurality of short circuited conductors movable into and out ofmutually inductive relation to said windings of said first mentionedmember for causing said windings to be periodically energized anddeenergizedso as to provide for said operating means time intervals ofcurrent supply and time intervals durin which substantially no currentis sup lie said time intervals of current supply an noncurrent supplybein substantially equal to the period ofa pluraity of tension waves ofsaid supply circuit, and said time interval of current supply beginningat an instant when the electro-motive force of the supply circuit isapproximately zero, netic fieldin said mechanism is built up and removedwithin each of saidtime intervals of current supply. y Y y I 7. A systemfor operating an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanism comprisingperiodically varied and curwhereby a magmeansfor generating electriccurrent, a supmutually Y ply circuit, and a ings of said stator aconsumption circuit, of a' mg reactive wlndlngs co-operatmg with saldply circuit connected. tol said generating means; and a distributor forintermittently supplying current to the operating means of saidmechanism, said distributor aving a stator provided with windingsconnected to said supply circuit and to the operatin means of saidmechanism, said ldistributor a so having a rotor rotatably fi' lposedand being rotated by said generating means, said rotor being providedwith a plurality of shortcir cuited conductors movable into and out ofinductive relation with said Windings of said stator for causing saidwindings to e periodically energized and deenergized, whereby a magneticfield in said mechanism is built up and removed., f

8., Means for operating an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanismcomprisin a supply circuit, an electric motor energize therefrom, and adistributor for'intermittently supplying current to said mechanism, saiddistributor comprising a stator and-a rotor, said stator bein providedwith windings connected to sai supply circuit and to said mechanism,said rotor being provided with a plurality of short circuited conductorsdisposed in inductive relation to said windings of said stator, and saidrotor being rotated by said motor.

9. Means for operating an electro-magnetic reciprocating mechanismcomprising an alternating current 4supply circuit, an electric motorenergized therefrom, a generator producing alternating current of .afrequency di fferent from that offthe current ofsaid supdistributor forintermittently supplying current to the operating means of saidmechanism, said distributor having a stator and a rotor, said statorbeing provided with windings connected to sai mechanism, said rotorbeing rotatabl dis posed and being provided with a plura ity of shortcircuited conductors disposed in in uctive relation with said windingsof said stator, said generator and said supply circuit being connectedin series with each other and being connected in series with said wind-Y for producing, for the operation of said mechanism, voltage waves ofunsymmetrical shape to cause the iiux in said mechanism to rise quicklyto a hi h value at the beginning of the period 0E current supply to saidmechanism and to cause said fiux to disappear quickly at the end of saidperiod of current supply so as to obtain a high average value for saidflux, 'and said rotor and said generator being-positively operatedbysaid motor. v

l0. In a device. of the character described,

the combination with a-supply circuit, and

device comprissupply circuit'and conductively and inductively connectedwith said consumption c irwhereby said member,

cuit, means associated in relative motion withv said windings forperiodically iniiuencing the inductive reactance of said Windings, saidmeans comprising "a member provided with electric current conductingmaterial being distributed over a portion only of said member, saidmember also having a path for the magnetic field or said windlngs saidpath being formed by the other portion of said member, al being adaptedto be broughtinto and out oflmutually inductive relation to saidwindings and being adapted to practically neutralize any magnetic iiuxwhich is set up by said windings and passes or is tending to saidconducting materi pass through said portion occupied by said conductingmaterial without interfering with the magnetic field traversingsaidsec-v ond mentioned portion of said `member,

ergized and de-energized and current is intermittently supplied to saidconsumption circuit or circuits.

11. The combination with a supply circuit and av consumption circuit,ofA a distributor comprising relatively movable members, means forrelatively moving said members, one of said members being provided withwindings connected to said supplycircuit and conductively andinductively connected with said consumption circuit, another of saidmembers being provided ywith a plurality of short circuitedconductorsdis tributed over a portion only of said second mentionedmember, said second mentioned member also having a path for the magneticiield of said windings of said first mentioned portion of said secondmentioned member, said conductors being disposed in inductive relationto said windings of said first mentioned member and being adapted tosubstantially neutralize any magnetic ux which is set up by saidwindings and which passes through the portion of said second mentionedmember occupied by said conductors without interfering with the magneticiield traversing saidother portion, whereby said windings areperiodically energized and devenergized to intermittently supply energyto said consumption circuit.

A G. HENRY POTH.

said path being formed by the other windings are periodicallyen- 85 i.

